Gwkqvi
Ava¨vwZ¥KZv
Gwkqvi
Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi ¯^iƒc: Ava¨vwZ¥KZv
n‡jv gvby‡li GKwU Rxebc_| G c‡_i wfwË n‡jv e¨w³i mvgwMÖK wek¦vm I Zvi
Aš—i-Dcjw×i wbR¯^ AbywPš—b| Gi evwn¨K cÖKvk Zvi cÖvZ¨wnK Rxebaviv| Bnv e¨w³i
cÖwZw`‡bi hvwcZ fvjevmv| Z‡e Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi GB hvÎv ev mvabvi c_ cvðv‡Z¨i I
Avgv‡`i cÖv‡P¨i g‡a¨ h‡_ó Awgj i‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i Ava¨vwZ¥KZv n‡jv Ck¦i‡K Rvbv bq
eis Zuv‡K e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b Abyfe Kiv Ges Zuvi mv‡_ hy³ _vKvi wbiš—i cÖqvm| Ab¨w`‡K,
cvðv‡Z¨i Ava¨vwZ¥KZv n‡jv Ck¦i‡K Rvbvi, Zuv‡K †LuvRvi hyw³-hy³ cÖ‡Póv| ZvB ejv
hvq †h, Gwkqvi Ava¨vwZ¥KZv n‡jv Rxeb-e¨vwc GKwU mvabv-c_ hv gvbyl‡K avweZ K‡i
Hk-Avevm cv‡b, Zuvi mv‡_ wgj‡bi m‡ev©”P †mvcv‡b| Bnv †`n-gb-AvZ¥vi ms‡hv‡M
c~Y©v½ mË¡vi mv‡_ RwoZ GKwU cwic~Y© Rxebaviv| GB hvÎv c‡_i †Kvb †kl †bB; i‡q‡Q
µgea©gvbZv| GB wgjb ïaygvÎ Ck¦i I gvby‡l bq; eis mvgwMÖK gvbe mË¡v I
cvwicvwk¦©K RM‡Zi mv‡_| G‡Z GKR‡bi e¨w³MZ cÖqv‡mB mvwaZ nq Zvi Abb¨ wgjb
AwfÁZv| GB wgjb AwfÁZvi hvÎv c‡_ a¨vb-cÖv_©bv GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Dcv`vb, hv gvbyl‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i ü`‡q
Db¥y³ GK mgwš^Z gvbyl n‡q DV‡Z| mewKQyi g‡a¨ mgš^q GKRb AvZ¥vwZ¥K e¨w³i
†mŠ›`h©iƒ‡c Zvi AvwZ¥K DcjwׇZ me©`v weivR K‡i|
msÁv: Gwkqvi Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi cÖK…Z wbh©vm cÖwZdwjZ nq
g~jZ fviZxq AvavwZ¥KZvi Avei‡YB| GRb¨ Gwkqvi Ava¨wZ¥KZvi cÖvmw½K Av‡jvPbvq
A‡bKvs‡k Zv-B D‡V Avm‡e| msÁvwqZ Ki‡j ejv hvq, wbR mË¡v, gvbyl I Ck¦i m¤ú‡K©
GKwU mvgwMÖK Ávb, Dcjw×, I †PZbv jv‡fi ga¨ w`‡q wb‡Ri I A‡b¨i Kj¨vY mva‡bi
cÖ‡PóvB n‡jv fviZxq Ava¨vwZ¥KZv| a¨vb †hvM mvabv, Z¨vM-wZwZ¶v, Ab`k©b me wKQyB
fviZxq Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi Ask| Rxeb I `k©b Awfbœ& j¶ A_©vr cig mZ¨‡K Abyave‡bi
hvÎv c‡_ fviZxq Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi gg©g~‡j A½vAw½fv‡e RwoZ|
fviZxq
Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi `yÕwU we‡kl w`K:
1)
Rxe‡bi
gg©g~‡j Ck¦i ev cig AvZ¥vi mv‡_ gvbevZ¥vi GKvš— †cÖ‡gi †hvM-mw¤§jb|
2)
‡cÖggq
m¤ú‡K©i evwn¨K cÖKvk hv m¤úbœ nq ag©xq ixwZ-bxwZ cvjb, Dcvmbvq †hvM`vb Ges
wek¦v‡mi Rxeb Abykxj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q|
fviZxq
Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi j¶¨: Ck¦i I gvb‡ei
†cÖ‡gi m¤ú‡K©i mv‡_ RwoZ ¸i“Ë¡c~Y© †h `yÕwU welq Zvn‡jv-Avb›` I `ytL| GRb¨ ejv
nq †h, fviZxq Ava¨vwZ¥KZv Ck¦i †Kw›`ªK bq eis Zv gvbevZ¥vi gyw³ / wbe©vbv /
gK&mv †Kw›`ªK| Rxe‡bi `ytL Rq K‡i Gfv‡eB mvwaZ nq cig AvZ¥v wen‡b gvbevZ¥vi
wgj‡bi ev gyw³i myL Av¯^v`b|
fviZxq
Ava¨vwZ¥KZvq gyw³ jv‡fi c_:
G‡¶‡Î gyw³ jv‡fi Rb¨ wb‡`©k Kiv nq 3wU c_ ev gvM©| †m gvM©mg~n n‡jv-
1)
Ávb gvM©:
Bnv n‡jv e¨w³i Avcb ü`q Mnx‡b Ck¦i AwfÁZvi Aweivg cÖqvm| G gv‡M© j¶¨ _v‡K Rvbvi
ev inm¨ m¤ú‡K© aviYv jvf Kivi| Avi cš’v n‡jv kªeY, gbb I wbwa-a¨vkb| G gv‡M©
Abymvix Ávbx Pvb gyw³, hv n‡e hyw³-hy³| †m Ávb jv‡fi ga¨ w`‡q cÖ‡Póv Pvjvq
wb‡R‡K R‡qi ga¨ w`‡q cvwicvwk¦©KZvi Dci Zvi wbqš¿Y cÖwZôv Kivi|
2)
fw³ ev †cÖg
gvM©: Bnv n‡jv m„ó RM‡Z mªóvi ev cig AvZ¥vi ¯^iƒc Dcjw× Kivi wbiš—i cÖqvm| Gi
cÖKvk N‡U mªóv ev †`eZvi Pi‡Y wb‡ew`Z f‡³i cÖvZ¨wnK c~uRv-AP©bv I cÖksmv
wb‡e`‡bi gva¨‡g|
3)
Kg© gvM©:
Bnv n‡jv Ck¦‡ii n‡q gvby‡li Rb¨ wbt¯^v_© K‡g© wb‡ew`Z Rxeb| g½j`vqx Kv‡R †`‡ni
AskMÖnY G gv‡M© n‡q _v‡K| G‡¶‡Î K‡g©B wba©vwiZ nq e¨w³i fwel¨Z|
Gwkqvi
Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi j¶¨Yxq iƒcmg~n: we‡k¦
cÖmvigvb ag©mg~‡ni D™¢e †h‡nZz GB Gwkqv ev fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡kB n‡q‡Q †m‡nZz
wbwØ©avq ejv hvq †h, GLvbKvi gvwU mKj a‡g©i DËivwaKvix (Heritage) wn‡m‡e GK mywekvj gvZ…Mf©| wek¦v‡mi GB
wewfbœZv-B mg„× K‡i‡Q G A‡ji gvbyl‡K| K‡i Zz‡j‡Q Aa¨vZ¥ mvabvi cw_K, c_ †`wL‡q‡Q
cÖkvwš—i, avweZ K‡i‡Q wgj‡bi c‡_| cÖK…wZi iƒc ˆewP‡Îi mv`„‡k¨, wewfbœZvi gv‡SI
GLvbKvi AvwZ¥K †mŠ›`h© †hb GKB my‡Zvq
Muv_v GK Abycg wPÎcU| G wgjb gvby‡l-gvby‡l, gvbe AvZ¥vq-cigAvZ¥vq| ZvB, Gwkqvi
ag©mg~‡ni g‡a¨ Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi †h we‡gl w`Kmg~n cÖwZdwjZ nq Zv wb‡gœ Zz‡j aiv
n‡jv-
1|
inm¨gqZv: AvKw¯§Kfv‡e N‡U hvIqv
me wKQyi g‡a¨B Avgiv in‡m¨i Avfvm †`L‡Z cvB| Avgv‡`i e¨w³MZ Rxeb ev wek¦cÖK…wZi
†Kvb wKQyB GB inm¨gqZvi evwn‡i bq, eis wewfbœZvi g‡a¨I GKwU A`„k¨ my‡Î Muv_v|
GB inm¨gq cÖK„wZi gv‡SB Avgiv Luy‡R †eovB Zvi Drm ev mªóv‡K| Gfv‡e ïi“ nq
cigvZ¥vi mv‡_ wgj‡bi ZxeªZv, hv gvbyl‡K G‡b `uvo Kivq wbw`©ó GKwU ¯’v‡b| GLvbB
†m Lyu‡R cvq Zvi my‡Li wVKvbv|
2|
cÖK…wZ I gvbe Rxeb m¤ú‡K© cweÎZv‡eva: Rxeb
I RM‡Zi gv‡SB GLvbKvi Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi D‡b¥l, cÖKvk I we¯—vi|
3|
e¨w³MZ Ava¨wZ¥K AwfÁZv ev Abyfe: Gwkqvi
cÖ‡Z¨K gvbylB GKRb Ck¦i A‡š^lx| cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li Ck¦i-AwfÁZv e¨wZµg I Abb¨|
GLvbKvi gvbyl‡`i ejv hvq †h, Zviv n‡jb m‡Z¨i Zx_©hvÎx| e¨w³MZ Rxe‡bi GB
Ck¦i-AwfÁZv‡K A‡b¨i mv‡_ mnfvwMZvi ms®K…wZ GLv‡b Avengvb Kvj n‡Z Pjgvb|
4|
K‡Vvi Ava¨vwZ¥K k„•Ljv: K…”QZv
Abykxjb, wbie-a¨vb mvabv, ‰`wnK wbqš¿b, cÖv_©bvq w`bvwZcvZ, mvaviY Rxeb-hvcb
Gwkqvi Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi GKwU ¸i“Ë¡c~Y© w`K|
5|
Rxe‡bi m‡e©v”P Ges me©‡kl j¶¨ n‡jb Ck¦i: Ck¦iB me wKQyi g~j Ges Zv‡ZB me wKQyi mgvwß|
6|
Ck¦i m¤ú‡K© GK AbwZµg inm¨gqZv‡eva Ges mgš^qZv: Gwkqvi mKj a‡g©B gyw³i Av¯^v`b wbwnZ| GLv‡b i‡q‡Q
cvi®úvwiK mnbkxjZv I m¤§vb‡eva|
7|
cvi®úvwiK †mŠnv`© I m¤cÖxwZ‡eva: mvgwMÖK
mgš^qZvi gv‡S g½j cÖqvmx Gwkqvi gvbyl| cÖK„wZi mv‡_ GK Mfxi e܇b Ave× hv Zv‡`i
K‡i Zz‡j‡Q Zvi Z`viK|
8|
Avc¨vq‡b Db¥~L: †h‡Kvb
cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Aw_wZ Avc¨vq‡b m`v Db¥y³ G A‡ji gvbyl| AwZw_ Avc¨vq‡bi gv‡S-B Zviv
Hk-‡mevi ¯^v` cvq|
9|
Avkªg‡Kw›`ªK Ava¨vwZ¥KZv: Avkªg
n‡”Q Aweivgfv‡e Ck¦i-A‡š^lb I AwfÁZvq Rxeb KvUv‡bvi ¯’vb|
Avkª‡g
GKRb ¸i“i Aax‡b P‡j wk‡l¨i GB Ava¨vwZ¥K mvabv| ¸i“B Avkªg-mvaK‡`i cwiPvwjZ K‡ib
Ck¦i Dcjw× jvf Kivi w`‡K|
10| ¸i“-wk‡l¨i aviYv: ¸i“ n‡jb Ava¨vwZ¥K c_ wb‡`©kK| wZwb wk‡l¨i
Ava¨vwZ¥K AÜvKvi `~i K‡ib| ¸i“i mKj ¶gvZvi wfwË n‡jv Zvi cweÎZv I j× Ávb| ¸i“
n‡jb Ggb GKRb e¨w³, whwb Ck¦i‡i AwfÁZv K‡i‡Qb wb‡Ri Aš—‡i Ges Ab¨‡KI GKB fv‡e
mvnvh¨ K‡ib †mB AwfÁZv jv‡fi c‡_| GKRb wkl¨ Zvi ¸i“ Zvi Ck¦i e‡j gv‡bb, KviY
Ck¦i‡K †m †`‡L bv wKš‘ ¸i“‡K †`‡L, †h Zv‡K cwiPvwjZ †i Ck¦‡ii w`‡K| GKRb ¸i“
gyw³i jv‡fi Rb¨ Zvi wkl¨‡`i †h c_ ev Dcvq †`Lvq †m¸‡jv n‡jv- Áv‡bi c_, fw³i c_,
Ges K‡g©i c_|
Gwkqvi
Ava¨vwZ¥KZv mg„w×Ki‡Yi mv‡_ RwoZ ag©mg~n
†eŠ×
ag©
cÖeZ©K I Avw` Ae¯’v: G a‡g©i cÖeZ©K n‡jb †MŠZg ey×| Rb¥ nq 564 Lªx:
c~ev©‡ã, wcZv †bcv‡ji ivRv ï×ab I gvZv
ivYx gnvgvqvi ivR cwiev‡i jyw¤^bx kvje‡b ˆekvLx c~wY©gv wZw_‡Z| ‰kk‡eB Zvi
Rxeb-hvc‡b msmvi ‰eivM¨ fve cÖKvk †c‡Z _v‡K| ey‡×i M„n wk¶K wek¦ wgÎ Zvi
wk¶v-`x¶vq cvwÊZ¨ I e¨wZµwg fve †`‡L †ek Avðh© nb| Zv‡K gvÎ 19 eQi eq‡m we‡q
Kiv‡bv n‡jI wZwb Zv‡Z w_Zz n‡Z cv‡ibwb| weavq, Zvi mvi_x Q›`K‡K wb‡q wZwb M„n
Z¨vM K‡ib 29 eQi eq‡m| AÄbv b`xi Zx‡i Ak¦_ Mv‡Qi Zjvq wZwb gMœ nb Mfxi a¨v‡b
Ges †mLv‡bB jvf K‡ib †evax Ávb| Gfv‡eB m~Pbv nq †eŠ× a‡g©i|
†MŠZg
ey‡×i mvabvi g~j welq: c„w_ex‡Z
`yt†Li KviY wK Ges Gi †kl †Kv_vq?
ag©
MÖš’: cvwj fvlvq wjwLZ †eŠ×a‡g©i
kv¯¿ MÖ‡š’i bvg n‡”Q ÒwÎwcUKÓ| Gi wZbwU fvM i‡q‡Q: webq wcUK (wf¶z‡`i
wbqgvejx); m~Î wcUK (me© mvavi‡Yi Rb¨ eyׇ`‡ei c~e© R‡b¥i Kvwnbxi m‡½ Zvi wkl¨
Avb›`‡K wk¶v †`qv) I Awfag©wcUK (gywó‡gq gigx mvaK‡`i Rb¨)|
†eŠ×
a‡g©i mvi wk¶v I wek¦vm: PviwU
Avh© mZ¨: 1) gvbe Rxeb `tLgq 2) hZ¶Y `ytL _vK‡e ZZ¶Y m„wó n‡e 3) `yt‡Li KviY
n‡jv Z…òv 4) `ytL bv‡ki Dcvq n‡jv ga¨g c_ Aej¤^b Kiv|
`ytL
†gvP‡bi 8 †mvbvjx bxwZ: `ytL‡K wbeviY Ki‡Z n‡j 8wU c_ Aej¤^b Ki‡Z nq| †m¸‡jv
n‡jv: 1) mr Ávb/`„wó 2) mr msKí/B”Qv 3) mr evK¨ 4) mrKg© 5) mr RxweKv 6) mr
gvbwmKZv 7) mr ¯§„wZ 8) mg¨K mgvwa (wbe©vb)|
GB
c_ cwiµgvi Rb¨ PvB g‡bi cÖkvwš—; hvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb PviwU fve| †m fvemg~n n‡jv- 1)
ˆgÎx 2) Ki“Yv 3) gyw`Zv 4) D‡c¶v|
ˆbwZK
KZ©e¨ wK wK: wf¶z‡`i wbe©vY jv‡fi Rb¨ †gvU 227wU wbqg cvjb Ki‡Z nq| Ki“Yv I
ˆgÎxfve GB `yB m` ¸‡Yi Af¨vm Zv‡`i Rb¨ we‡kl ˆbwZK KZ©e¨|
†eŠ‡×i
wk¶v‡K cÂkxjv ejv nq: G¸‡jv
†eŠ×‡`i Pjvi c‡_i cv‡_q wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ|
1|
cÖvYx nZ¨v †_‡K weiZ _vKv 2| wbt¯^v_© Kg© 3| wg_¨v bv ejv 4| eyw× †jvc cvq Ggb
†Kvb wKQy bv LvIqv| 5| gb I kixi Dfq‡K cweÎ
ivLv| GQvov cuvPwU wb‡la i‡q‡Q: KUzfvlY, wbi_©K Avjvc, ci`ª‡e¨ †jvf,
wnsmv cwinvi I wecixZ Ávb †_‡K weiZ _vKv|
we‡kl
w`K: GwU GKwU wbixk¦iev`x wKš‘
bxwZev`g~jK ag©| ey× K‡Vvi Zcm¨v ev` w`‡q bxwZev`‡K †ekx ¸i“Ë¡ w`‡q ga¨ cš’v
Aej¤^b K‡ib|
Lªxóa‡g©i
mv‡_ wgj: ˆbwZK KZ©‡e¨ I
RxebvPi‡Yi †¶‡Î Lªxóa‡g©i mv‡_ †ekx wgj †`Lv hvq| a¨vb, Zcm¨v I m`&¸Y PP©vi
†¶‡ÎI Gi wgj †`L‡Z cvB|
ˆRbag©
cÖeZ©K
I Avw` Ae¯’v: †eŠ× a‡g©i
mgmvgwqK (599-527 Lªx: c~e©v‡ã) Kv‡j G a‡g©i D™¢e I cÖmvi N‡U| cÖavb cÖeZ©K
Ôea©gvb gnvexiÕ| eyׇ`‡ei GjvKvq ˆekvjx MÖv‡g Zvi Rb¥| ejv nq, 24Rb gnvcyi“l
RMr m„wó n‡Z c„w_ex‡Z G‡m‡Qb| Zv‡`i‡K ejv nq ÒZx_©¼iÓ| ZvivB ˆRba‡g©i cÖeZ©K I
c_ cÖ`k©K| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ 23Zg n‡jb Ôcvk¦©bv_Õ whwb GB a‡g©i msMVb I ms¯‹viK wnmv‡e
cwiwPZ| Z‡e 24Zg Zx_©¼i ÔfMevb gnvexiÕ GB ag© cÖwZôv K‡ib| wcZvi g„Zz¨i ci eo
fvB‡qi AbygwZ wb‡q 30 eQi eq‡m gnvexi M„n Z¨vM KÕ‡i Mfxi Ai‡Y¨ 12 eQi Mfxi
a¨v‡b gMœ _v‡Kb| Gi ga¨ w`‡q wZwb jvf K‡ib ‰Kej¨ (cig Ávb)| Zvi cÖPvwiZ a‡g©i
bvgB n‡”Q ÒˆRbagÓ©|
ag©
MÖš’: †h MÖš’ Zvi wkl¨iv AbymiY
K‡ib †mwU n‡jv- Ôwb MÖš’Õ| ZvQvov gnvex‡ii mKj Dc‡`k‡K 12 wU fv‡M fvM Kiv nq|
hv‡K ejv nq ÒA½Ó| G¸‡jv Avevi wewfbœfv‡e fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q hv‡K ejv nq ÔDcv½Õ|
mvabvi
g~j welq: Rxe‡bi wb¸p inm¨ wK Zv
D˜NvUb Kiv|
gnvex‡ii
wk¶v: wnsmv n‡jv eo cvc| Awnsmv
n‡jv me‡P‡q eo ag©| m„wói mewKQyi g‡a¨ cÖvY Av‡Q| †µva‡K `gb Ki, †jvf‡K wbqš¿b
Ki | A_© wcÖqZv mKj cv‡ci g~j| †µva, gvb, gvqv I †jvf gvbyl‡K c„w_ex‡Z ew›` K‡i
iv‡L| AvZ¥v I Kg© GKmv‡_ wg‡k Av‡Q| Kg© d‡ji †h eÜb AvZ¥vi m‡½ Zvi †_‡K gvby‡li
gyw³i Dcvq †bB| gvbyl Zvi wbR wbR Kg© dj †_‡K gyw³ †c‡Z n‡j Zvi K‡Vvi Zcm¨v
`iKvi| GRb¨ wZwb c„w_exi mKj mskªe Z¨vM Ki‡Z e‡jb| ïay e‡jB †kl bq wZwb wb‡RI
Gi Rb¨ Dj½ _vK‡Zb| hvi djkÖ“wZ‡Z ˆRb a‡g© `yÕwU fvM n‡q hvq 1) †k¦Zv¤^i 2)
w`M¤^i|
g~j
wek¦vm: Zv‡`i g‡Z Ck¦‡ii †Kvb
Aw¯’Z¡ †bB| gvbyl †`nveiYhy³ RxevZ¥v| RxevZ¥v Abvw` I Abš—| GB RxevZ¥v
Rb¥vš—‡ii ga¨ w`‡q †`nveiY †_‡K gy³ n‡q Zvi †mB Abš— iƒc wd‡i cvq (ˆKej¨ jvf
K‡i)| ZvivI cybtR©‡b¥ wek¦vmx| Zviv eû †`e-‡`exi wek¦vmx| G‡`i g‡a¨ 4Rb: 1|
bi‡Ki †`eZv = cvcx‡`i Kó †`q, 2| cvZv‡ji †`eZv = cvZv‡j _v‡K, wbK…ó, 3|
‡R¨vwZlx †`eZv = P›`ª, Zvivq evm K‡i, 4| wegvbevmx †`eZv = m‡e©vrK…ó †`eZv|
B›`ª me †`eZv‡`i g‡a¨ †kªô| ˆRb‡`i AvPvi AvPiY wn›`y‡`i †_‡K †ekx cv_©K¨ †bB|
AvUwU wRwbm w`‡q ˆRb g~wZ©i c~Rv K‡i| Zv h_vµ‡g- Rj, P›`b, cy®ú, ayc, `xc, A¶Z,
ˆb‡e`¨ I dj|
ˆbwZK
wk¶v: ‰bwZK KZ©e¨ `yÕai‡Yi: gywbag© (gywb‡`i) I kªeK ag© (mvsmvwiK)| gwybMY
Awnsmv, mZ¨, A‡¯—q, AcwiMÖn Ges eªþPvh© GB cuvPwU eªZ MÖnY K‡i wbe©vY jvf K‡i|
‰Rb a‡g© Rxe‡bi 14wU avc i‡q‡Q| mvaviY gvby‡liv ev kªeKMY gvÎ 5wU avc AwZµg
Ki‡Z m¶g nb| GQvov Zv‡`i wKQy weavb i‡q‡Q; ‡hgb: cï‡K AwZwi³ †evSv bv Pvc‡bv;
wg_¨v bv ejv; PzivB gvj msMªn bv Kiv; e¨wfPvi bv Kiv; †jv‡f PvwjZ bv nIqv|
Lªxó
a‡g©i mv‡_ wgj: Zv‡`i Rxe‡b
M„wnZ 5wU eª‡Zi mv‡_ Lªxwóq wk¶vq wgj i‡q‡Q|
wke
ag©
D™¢e:
mßg kZvãx‡Z wke a‡g©i Avwef©ve
N‡U| g~jZ hviv wke‡K e¨w³MZfv‡e wek¦vm K‡i ZvivB wk‡ei Abymvix| wke Abymvix‡`i
ÔwkevmÕ ejv nq| wke‡K eªþvi b¨vq g‡b Kiv nq| wk‡ei cÖwZK…wZwU bi-bvixi mgš^‡q
ˆZix Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e wiM †f`vi g‡a¨ wk‡ei †Kvb bvg ‡bB| wke‡K i“‡`ªi AeZvi e‡j
aiv nq| wk‡ei cvuPwU †Pnviv Av‡Q| GKwU †Pnvivi g‡a¨ wZbwU †PvL Av‡Q Av‡Q hvi
ga¨ w`‡q wZwb AZxZ, eZ©gvb I fwel¨Z‡K †`Lv hvq| wke‡K mg‡qi †`eZv ejv nq whwb
mgq‡K wbqš¿Y K‡ib| Zvi nv‡Z 4wU A¯¿ _v‡K- wÎk~j, eRª, abyK, Kyovj| Zvi g‡a¨
`ywU cÖK„wZI weivR K‡i: 1. inactive,
2. active. The dance of Shiva
symbolizes 5 cosmic acts: i) production, ii) destruction, iii) preservation,
iv) embodiment, v) liberation. He is omnipotent, omniscience, the one cause,
the only Lord of the Universe. He is immanent and transcendent. We can say that
shivism is highly religious in its essence. The whole universe is bright
because he laughs and moving because he moves with joy.
Lªxóa‡g©i
mv‡_ wgj: GB a‡g©I gvÎ GKRb
Ck¦‡ii cwiPq cvIqv hvq hvi c„w_exi mv‡_ I‡Zv‡cªvZ Mfxi m¤úK© we`¨gvb| wZwbB
n‡jb GKgvÎ AwØZxq Ck¦i I RM‡Zi GKgvÎ KviY|
‰eòe
ag©
cÖeZ©K
I Avw` BwZnvm: kªx K…ò ˆPZb¨‡`e
GB a‡g©i cÖwZôvZv| cÖ_g Rxe‡b wZwb a‡g©
Awek¦vmx wQ‡jb wKš‘ c‡i GK gw›`‡i †M‡j Zvi gb cweeZ©b nq Ges fMev‡bi a¨v‡b gMœ
nb| Gici wZwb GB ‰eòe ag© cÖPvi K‡ib|
ag©MÖš’:
we›`ve‡b `yÕwU weL¨vZ Kve¨ MÖš’ ˆPZb¨ fMeZ I ˆPZb¨ g½j hv Zv‡`i ag©MÖš’ wn‡m‡e
cwiwPZ|
g~j
wek¦vm: kªx K…ò ˆPZb¨‡`‡ei g‡Z, fw³‡ZB gyw³| cÖv‡Y fw³ w`‡q Ck¦i‡K WvK‡j Zv‡K
cvIqv m¤¢e| Zviv RvwZ‡e` gv‡b bv| wZwb c~Rv AP©bvi evwn¨K w`‡Ki †P‡q fMev‡bi
bvg KxZ©‡bi Dci †ekx †Rvo w`‡q‡Qb| ARvbv A‡`Lv †`e-‡`exi †P‡q †`‡evcg gvbyl‡K
‰eòe ag©vbymvixiv †ekx kª×v K‡i|
ˆbwZK
KZ©e¨: webq, mwnòzZvi Øviv mevi
mv‡_ †cÖ‡gi e܇b Ave× nIqv, Rx‡e `qv I RvwZ‡f` cÖ_v AwZµ‡gi cÖvbvš— cÖ‡Póvq
Zviv wbiZ _v‡Kb|
Lªxó
a‡g©i mv‡_ wgj: ˆbwZK KZ©e¨mg~n
wgj i‡q‡Q|
eªvþag©
ev mgvR
cÖeZ©K
I Avw` BwZnvm: ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq
cÖPwjZ wn›`ya‡g©i Kzms¯‹vi †_‡K Avcgi RbMY‡K gyw³ †`qvi Rb¨ GB ag© cÖwZôv K‡ib|
ag©MÖš’:
Zviv wn›`ya‡g©i cÖvq mKj ag©MÖš’‡KB gv‡bb|
wek¦vm:
eª‡þi Dcvmbv KivB G a‡g©i g~j
K_v| fMevb GK I wbivKvi| wn›`y a‡g© Qwe ev g~wZ© c~Rvi cÖPjb _vK‡jI
eªvþag©vbymvixiv Zv K‡ib bv| Zv‡`i g‡Z, GK Ck¦i‡K hviv bvbvfv‡e †`‡L Zviv fyj
K‡i| Zviv GK Ck¦iev`x, hv ÒGK‡gevwØZxqgÓ bv‡g cwiwPZ|
Zv‡`i
ˆewkó¨: RvwZ‡f` cÖ_v ‡ivwnZ
K‡ib; evj¨ I eû weevn †iva K‡ib; weaev weevn, mZx`vn cÖ_v I ¯¿x wk¶vi c‡¶ Ae`vb
†i‡L mgv‡R GK bZzb Rxe‡bi †PZbv wb‡q Av‡mb|
Lªxóa‡g©i
mv‡_ wgj: GK Ck¦i I wbivKvi
Ck¦‡i wek¦vm; mKj gvbyl mgvb I mK‡ji †gŠwjK AwaKvi i¶v|
wkL
ag©
cÖeZ©K:
†lvok kZ‡K (1469-1538 Lªx:) ¸i“
bvbK wkL a‡g©i cÖwZôv K‡ib| jv‡nv‡ii Kv‡Q GKwU MÖv‡g Zvi Rb¥ nq| wcZvi bvg
gvnZv Kvj †e`x I gvZv wÎcZv| ‡QvU‡ejv †_‡KB wZwb wQ‡jb Kzms¯‹vi we‡ivax| 32 eQi
eq‡m wZwb msmvi Z¨vMx n‡q 49 eQi eq‡m
wd‡i Av‡mb| wkL K_vwUi A_© n‡jv Ôwkl¨Õ ev wk¶v_©xÕ A_©vr whwb wk¶vMÖnY K‡ib| GwU GKwU
wgkª ag© KviY G‡Z wn›`y I gymwjg Dfq a‡g©i cÖfve Av‡Q| Zv‡`i weL¨vZ gw›`i n‡jv
¯^Y©-gw›`i ev Ô`ievi mv‡neÕ|
g~j
wek¦vm: Zv‡`i g‡Z, Ck¦i GK I
AwØZxq, wZwb GKgvÎ mZ¨, wbivKvi, me©e¨vcx, wbf©xK, ¯^q¤¢~ , Ges Abš— mË¡v| Zv‡K
jvf Ki‡Z n‡j msmvi Z¨vM Kivi `iKvi †bB| †h gvbyl‡K fvjev‡m †m kvwš—‡Z
_vK‡e| AvZ¥ ïw×i Dci wZwb A‡bK
¸i“Z¡v‡ivc K‡ib| GB wek¦RMr Amvi, ¶wYK, cvc`yó I Rb¥vš—‡i Ave×| Ck¦i‡K cvIqvi Rb¨
mr ¸i“i mÜvb Ki‡Z nq| ag© Abyhvqx Avgv‡`i wePvi n‡e bv, eis Zv n‡e Avgv‡`i KvR
Abyhvqx| G a‡g© bvix cyi“l mgvb|
kv¯¿
MÖš’: wkL‡`i cweÎ kv¯¿MÖ‡š’i bvg
Ô¸i“-MÖš’ mvwneÕ| Gi msKjb K‡ib cÂg ¸i“ ARyb| | GB eB‡q ¸i“‡`i evYx QvovI gymjgvb mywd‡`i K_v I eY©bv i‡q‡Q| `kg
¸i“ †Mvwe›` wms-Gi ¯—e I iPbvi msKjb‡K `kg MÖš’ ejv nq|
ˆbwZK
wk¶v: wkL‡`i g~j ˆbwZK KZ©e¨
n‡”Q Aš—i‡K cwiï× KÕ‡i ¸i“gyLx ev Ck¦igyLx nIqv| Dcvq wnmv‡e cuvPwU wicy A_©vr
Kvg, †µva, †jvf, †gvn I An¼vi eR©b Kiv Ges cuvPwU wecixZ ¸Y A_©vr mshg, Awnsmv,
m‡š——vl, mZ¨evw`Zv I webq Af¨vm KÕ‡i mgv‡Ri DbœwZ‡Z Kv‡R jvMv‡bv| gvbe †mevB
Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg cÖavb KZ©e¨| wkL‡`i Av‡iv wKQy KZ©e¨ i‡q‡Q, †hgb- Ck¦‡ii cÖksmv Mvb
Kiv, AbeiZ cÖv_©bv Kiv, ˆ`wnK ïwPZv i¶v Kiv, AwR©Z ab e›Ub I `vb Kiv|
we‡kl w`K: `kg ¸i“ (¸i“ †Mvwe›`
wms) wb‡R‡`i AvZ¥-i¶vi ZvwM‡` wkL‡`i mvgwiK wk¶vq cvi`k©x nIqvi †¶‡Î e¨vcK
Ae`vb iv‡Lb| wZwb bZzb GKwU åvZ…mgvRI MVb K‡ib hvi bvg †`qv nq ÔLvjmvÕ (ïwPMY)|
GB bZzb åvZ…mgv‡Ri f³MY cuvPwU ÔKÕ cvjb Ki‡Z eva¨: †Kk, K½, Kov, K”Qv, Ges K…cvY | ¸i“ †Mvwe›` wms
cÖPvi K‡ib †h, Zuvi c‡i Avi †Kvb ¸i“i Avwef©ve n‡e bv, ¸i“-MÖš’ mvwne-B n‡e
wkL‡`i Rb¨ †kl I wPi-Rxwe ¸i“|
Lªxó a‡g©i mv‡_ wgj: Aš—‡ii ï×Zv, wicy I Zvi wecixZ ¸Ymg~‡ni w`K †_‡K
wgj i‡q‡Q|
wkš’yev`
Avw`
BwZnvm: Gi †Kvb cÖeZ©K †bB| Bnv
n‡jv †`e‡`ex‡`i c_| wbwðZ fv‡e ejv m¤¢e bq G ag© KLb ïi“ n‡q‡Q| Z‡e aviYv Kiv
nq †h, Lªxóc~e© 2q I 3q kZvãx‡Z GB a‡g©i D™¢e nq| GwU Rvcv‡bi c~e©cyi“l‡`i ag©|
Ab¨w`‡K GB a‡g©i Ava¨vwZ¥KZv cÖK…wZi mv‡_ hy³|
kv¯¿
MÖš’: Zv‡`i †Kvb wjwLZ kv¯¿ †bB|
hLb †_‡K Zviv ag© m¤^‡Ü m‡PZb nq ZLb †_‡KB wkš’y Zv‡`i cÖavb ag© wn‡m‡e
we‡ewPZ|
g~j
wek¦vm: ÔKvgxÕ n‡”Q Zv‡`i cÖavb †`eZv Ges mg¯— wKQyi m„wóKZ©v| Gi m¤ú‡K©
cy‡ivcywi Ávb jvf m¤¢e bq| cÖvq 800 ‡`e‡`exi g‡a¨ GKZv i‡q‡Q| ivRv n‡”Qb
†`eZzj¨| GKB AvZ¥vi m„wó ¯^M© I biK|
‰bwZK
wk¶v: ivRvi cÖwZ AKvU¨ eva¨
nIqv; wcZvgvZvi cÖwZ eva¨ _vKv; cÖK…wZi hZœ Kiv Ges mKj gvby‡li g‡a¨ åvZ…‡Z¡i
eÜb cÖf„wZ n‡”Q Zv‡`i cÖavb ‰bwZK KZ©e¨|
Lªxó
a‡g©i mv‡_ wgj: eva¨Zv I
åvZ„‡Z¡i eÜb G‡¶‡Î wgj i‡q‡Q|
Kbdzwmqvb
ag©
cÖeZ©K
I Avw` BwZnvm: Px‡bi cÖPwjZ
wZbwU a‡g©i g‡a¨ cÖavb I me‡P‡q cÖvPxb n‡jv Kbdzwmqvb ag©| Kbdzwmqvm gv‡b
¸i“‡`e| Px‡bi jy cÖ`‡ki Awaevmx Kbdzwmqvm (551-479 Lªxóc~e©) Px‡bi GK
`y‡h©vMc~Y© Ae¯’vq GB ag©gZ cÖPvi K‡ib| 52 eQi eq‡m wZwb Px‡b k„sLjZv wdwi‡q
Avbvi D‡Ï‡k¨ Zv cÖPvi K‡ib| wZwb `yÕwU wel‡qi Dci we‡klfv‡e ¸i“Z¡ Av‡ivc K‡ib|
†m¸‡jv n‡jv- ivRv‡K Ck¦‡ii cÖwZwbwa wnmv‡e Ávb Kiv I fvj cÖRv nIqv|
kv¯¿
MÖš’: Kbdzwmqvb a‡g© cÖavb
ag©MÖš’ cuvPwU gnvKve¨ I PviwU ag©MÖš’| gnvKve¨¸‡jv‡K Pxs ejv nq Ges GLv‡b
BwZnvm, †`e-‡`ex I c~e©cyi“l‡`i m¤^‡Ü †jLv i‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K, ag©MÖš’¸‡jv‡Z Mí”Q‡j
a‡g©vc‡`k, ivR‰bwZK wk¶v Ges †gs-Gi bxwZ ‡jLv i‡q‡Q|
g~j
wek¦vm: G a‡g© Rxeb cÖYvjxi Dci
†ekx ¸i“Z¡ Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i wek¦v‡m fMevb ev †`e-‡`exi K_v †bB| Z‡e c~e©
cyi“l‡`i c~Rv me‡P‡q eo welq| gvby‡li g½j-B Zv‡`i wek¦v‡mi g~jK_v|
ˆbwZK
wk¶v: fvj nevi wbqg †g‡b PjvB
h_v_© ag©vPiY| fvjevmv, b¨vq, kª×v I Áv‡bi wel‡q †Rvov‡jvfv‡e wk¶v †`Iqv nq|
mZZv I f`ªZvi Dci †Rvi †`qv nq| †hgb e¨envi gvby‡li KvQ †_‡K †c‡Z PvI bv, †m
e¨envi gvby‡li mv‡_ bv Kivi K_v ejv nq| wb‡R‡K Zz”QÁvb Kiv wVK bq| wcZvgvZv‡K
fw³, c~e© cyi“l‡`i c~Rv I ivRv‡`i kª×v Kiv Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg cÖavb KZ©e¨|
Lªxó a‡g©i mv‡_ wgj: †`e‡`exi c~Rv †bB Ges
ˆbwZKZvi wk¶vq h‡_ó wgj i‡q‡Q|
cvwm©/cvk©x
ag© (Ri_yóªev`)
cÖeZ©K
I Avw` BwZnvm: Ri_yóª GB a‡g©i
cÖwZô K‡ib| Lªxóc~e© 700 eQi c~‡e© G a‡g©i Avwef©ve N‡U| Ri_yóª kãwU fv½‡j A_©
nq, Ôey‡ov DUIqvjvÕ, ÔmyeY© `xwßÕ- A_©vr hvi `xwß ¯^‡Y©i g‡Zv| ‡hŠe‡b Ri_yóª
Awb‡`©k hvÎvq †ewo‡q nvwi‡q hvb †jvK P¶zi Aš—iv‡j| Gi 20 eQi ci GKwU cvnvo n‡Z
†b‡g Av‡mb| GB mg‡q Zvi kix‡i AwMœgq Avfv R¡jR¡j K‡i R¡jwQj| 77 eQi eq‡m gyZz¨
mgqI wZwb AwMœ Avfvi wfZi nvi‡q hvb|
GRb¨ Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Av¸b me‡P‡q cweÎ wRwbm|
kv¯¿
MÖš’: Zv‡`i ag©MÖ‡š’i bvg Ô‡R›` Av‡e¯—vÕ| GB ag©Mª‡š’i 6wU fvM Av‡Q| 1g fvM
n‡”Q hkœ = hÁ I Dcvmbvi K_v D‡jL Av‡Q| Gi Avevi i‡q‡Q 72wU fvM| 2q fvM n‡”Q
whk‡c‡iK = GB fv‡M †`eZv‡`i ¯‘wZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡`i Avevi `ywU fvM Av‡Q: ïf I Aïf|
GB a‡g©i cy‡ivwn‡Ziv †Kvg‡i Ô‰cZvÕ c‡ob| GB ˆcZv‡K ejv nq ÔKw¯—Õ Ges
Ôcy‡ivwnZ‡KÕ ejv nq Õ`¯‘iÕ|
g~jwek¦vm: Zv‡`i
g‡Z, Ck¦i GK I AwØZxq Ges Zvi bvg n‡”Q Aûi gR&`v ev cÖÁvi cÖfy| wZwb kyayB
fvji Drm I RM‡Zi Av‡jv whwb m~h© I Av¸‡bi iƒc wb‡q Avgv‡`i †`Lv †`b| Zuvi QqwU
‰ewkó¨ we`¨gvb: K. wZwb b¨vqevb, L. cig Kj¨vYgq, M. me©kw³gvb, N. me©Ávbx, O.
¯^qs-m¤ú~Y© Ges P. Agi| Zuv‡K my›`i m„wói mªóv ejv nq KviY 7wU wRwbm w`‡q G RMZ
m„wó K‡i‡Qb, Avi Zv nj: 1. AvKvk, 2. gvwU, 3. jZvcvZv, 4. RxeRš—y, 5. gvbyl, 6.
Zviv-b¶Î Ges 7.AwMœ| Ab¨w`‡K GKwU g›` †`eZv i‡q‡Q hv‡K ÔAwn©gvbÕ e‡j| Gi Ae¯’vb
AmZ¨, Ab¨vq, cvc I AÜvKvi iv‡R¨| fvj-g‡›`i g‡a¨ me`©v GKwU ØÜ †j‡M Av‡Q| GB Kz
I my Gi ˆØZev‡`i mgš^‡q Ri_yóªev‡`i Avwef©ve| GB ag©g‡Z ¯^M©-biK I ga¨¯’v‡bi
aviYv Av‡Q| Zviv †kl wePvi I cybi“Ìv‡b wek¦vm K‡i|
‰bwZK
wk¶v: Zv‡`i g‡Z, gvby‡li cÖavb wZbwU ˆbwZK KZ©e¨ n‡”Q: 1. mrwPš—v Kiv, 2. mr
evK¨ I 3. mrKg©| bvix I cyi“l‡K mgvb †Pv‡L †`L‡Z n‡e| mevB‡K cwikªgx, mr Rxeb
hvcb, c‡ivcKvix I m‡e©vcwi `qvjy n‡Z n‡e| nZvkv ev ˆRweK kw³ ¶q me‡P‡q wb›`bxq-
Zv eR©b Kiv KZ©e¨| 3wU dj: 1. Avkvev`x I Avb›`gq `„wófw½, 2. ïf I Aï‡fi kw³i
jovB- Gi m¤úK©xZ ev¯—e `„wófw½, 3. `vwqZ¡‡eva I cwikª‡gi Dci cÖvavb¨ †`qv|
Lªxóa‡g©i
mv‡_ wgj: GK Ck¦‡i wek¦vmx| ¯^M©-biK I ga¨¯’v‡bi aviYv Av‡Q| †kl wePvi I
cybi“Ìv‡b wek¦vm K‡i|
evnvB ag©
cÖeZ©K I Avw` BwZnvm: Dwbk kZ‡K evnvDjv bvgK e¨w³ cvi‡m¨ G a‡g©i cÖwZô K‡ib| GLv‡b gvbe
RvwZi Ava¨vwZ¥K wgj‡bi Dci †ekx †Rvi †`Iqv nq| Kv‡ji `vex c~iYv‡_©B A‡bK
cÖe³vMY RM‡Z G‡m‡Qb Ges ZviB avivevwnKZvq eZ©gv‡bi cÖe³v evnvDjvi AvMgb| wZwb
Gi †kl cÖe³v bb KviY, GKnvRvi eQi c‡i ‡kl cÖe³vi Avwef©ve NU‡e| ÔevnÕ k‡ãi A_©
n‡jv ÒCk¦‡ii †MŠieÓ| Gi Abymvix‡`i ejv nq evnvB|
kv¯¿MÖš’: evnvB a‡g©i
ag©MÖ‡š’i bvg ÔwbðqZv MÖš’ ev wbwnZ ev bx MÖš’Õ| GB MÖ‡š’ evnDjøvi Rxeb, evYx,
I e¨vL¨v i‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i fvlvq ejv nq ÔwKZve-B-AvÏvm ev cweÎZg MÖš’Õ|
g~j wk¶v: Ck¦‡ii m‡½ wgjb, a‡g©i g‡a¨ wgjb Ges gvby‡li g‡a¨ wgjb|
wek¦vm: Ck¦i m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i
aviYv n‡jv- Ck¦i GK Ges wZwb RM‡Zi mewKQzi m„wóKZ©v | wZwb Abš—| Zvi ïi“ ev †kl
e‡j wKQy †bB| evnvB a‡g© Ck¦‡ii †Kvb bvg †bB| Zv‡K WvKv nq wewfbœ ¸‡Yi gva¨‡g|
Zv‡`i wek¦vm n‡jv cÖ‡Z¨K gvb‡li Kv‡Q Ck¦‡ii cÖKv‡ki wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y Ck¦i-AwfÁZvq
cÖ‡Z¨‡K Abb¨ I c„_K| cÖ‡Z¨K ag©B GK GKwU AMÖMwZ hv Ck¦i‡K AviI ¯úó fv‡e cÖKvk
K‡i|GB a‡g©i cUf~wg nj †h Zviv Bmjvg a‡g©i wkqv Abymvix| Zviv evnvB gZev`‡K
GKwU ¯^vaxb ag© e‡j g‡b K‡i|
we‡kl
w`Kmg~n: cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li GKwU eyw×MZ AvZ¥v (rational soul) Av‡Q| Ck¦i‡K Rvbv cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li KZ©e¨| Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi DciI Zviv h‡_ó †Rvi w`‡q _v‡Kb|
G RM‡Z _vKvKvjxb Ae¯’vq Zviv †Kvb cªKvi cyi®‹vi cÖvß n‡e bv| bvix-cyi“l mgvb
Ges cig Avb›` jv‡fi Rb¨ m„ó| hLb gvbyl gviv hvq ZLb †m Ab¨ RM‡Z †cuŠ”Qvq| Zv‡`i
g‡a¨I ¯^M© bM‡ii aviYv Av‡Q| wbw`©ó w`‡b Dcevm Ges cÖv_©bvi Dci ¸i“Ë¡ w`‡q
_v‡Kb| ‰`bw›`b a¨vb-cÖv_©bv I wf¶v `v‡b Kivi h‡_ó ¸i“Ë¡ i‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i 9wU ce©
w`b Av‡Q hv Aek¨B cvjbxq|
evnvB
a‡g©i Ae`vb: 1) me a‡g©i GKZv
Avbq‡b wek¦ kvwšÍ cÖwZôv, 2) gvbevwaKvi cÖwZôv, 3) ivRbxwZgy³ ˆeÁvwbK `„wófw½,
Ges 4) `vwi`ªZv `ywiKiY|
Lªxó
a‡g©i mv‡_ wgj: mªóv GK I Abš—
Ges gvbeZvev‡`i aviYv|
ZvI ag© (Tow)
cÖeZ©K
I Avw` BwZnvm: G a‡g©i cÖeZ©K n‡jb jvIr‡m ev
jvIr‡R| Zv Rb¥ 603 ev 604 Lªx: c~e©v‡ã| ejv n‡q _v‡K †h, wZwb gv‡qi M‡f© cÖvq
70 ev 80 eQi ch©š— wQ‡jb| R‡b¥i mgqB Zvi Pzj cvKv wQj| wZwb e‡jb, Rxe‡bi GKgvÎ
mZ¨ n‡jv `xb nIqv| G a‡g©i mvi kã ej‡Z bgª nIqv‡KB eySv‡bv nq| ZvI GKwU Pxbv kã
hvi A_© c_ ev gyw³ (flow from the universe or force behind nature)| †h c_ jvIr‡m †`wL‡q wM‡q‡Qb †mwUB n‡jv cÖK…Z gyw³i c_|
Zvi
wk¶v: wZwb e‡jb †h, me©`v ga¨ c_ Aej¤^b Ki| †ekx K_v
ejv wVK bq, Avevi †ekx Avkv KivI DwPr bq| `ytL wKsev `ytwðš—v †hb Kv‡iv g‡b
evmv bv ev‡a| wb‡R‡K I wb‡Ri wRnŸv‡K wbqš¿‡bi civgk© wZwb w`‡q †M‡Qb| Rxe‡bi
wZbwU DrK…ó i‡Zœi K_v wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ‡m¸‡jv n‡jv- `qv wgZvPvi I webq|
g~j
kv‡¯¿i bvg: ÔZvI‡Z wKsÕ| G‡Z †jLv Av‡Q
a‡g©vc‡`k|
ZvI
wek¦vm: ZvI mewKQyi Drm Ges Zvi g‡a¨B mewKQyi †kl|
cyw_ex wbqwš¿Z nq ZvI Øviv| ZvI n‡”Q †mB c_ ev ag© hv me wKQy‡K cvjb I wbqš¿b
K‡i| ZvI-Gi Avw` n‡Z Aš— AcwieZ©bxq|
ZvI-Gi
cÖKvk: ZvI `yÕiƒ‡c cÖKvwkZ| cÖ_gwU n‡jv Bqvs hvi A_© cyi“l,
cigmË¡v, Av‡jvwKZ, D¾¡j, w`b, AvKvk I m„wókxj| Ab¨w`‡K, wØZxqwU n‡jv Bqxs hvi
A_© n‡jv bvix, AÜKvi, kvš—, kxZj, wZgxi I c„w_ex| Giv Abš—Kvj a‡i ci¯úi cwic~iK
Ges PµvKv‡i AvewZ©Z| †Kvb Dcvm¨ †`eZvi ¯’vb G a‡g© †bB| GwU ïaygvÎ GKwU kw³|
Lªxóa‡g©i mv‡_ wgj: Ck¦i me wKQyi Drm Ges bxwZ
wk¶vmg~n|
Gwkqv gnv‡`‡k c„w_exi cÖavb cÖavb a‡g©i
DrcwË| GLv‡b me a‡g©iB g~j K_v n‡”Q gvbe †cÖg I Ck¦‡ii mv‡_ gvbevZ¥vi wgjb|
wewfbœ a‡g© wewfbœ †`e-‡`ex c~Rv ev Avivabv Ki‡jI mevB GKB Ck¦i ev fMevb ev
m„wóKZ©vq wek¦vm K‡i| a¨vb-Ávb-mvabvB GB gnv‡`‡ki Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi mviK_v|
K…ZÁZv ¯^xKvi:
1|
K¯—v, dv. ÷¨vbjx.: ÒGwkqvi Ava¨vwZ¥KZvÓ, K¬vk †bvU, cweÎ AvZ¥v D”P
†mwgbvix, ebvbx, XvKv, 2009 Lªxt|
2| †di‡`Šm, kvnvbv.: Òwe‡k¦i wewfbœ ag©Ó, bxwZ-ixwZ
cÖKvkbx, XvKv, 1993 Lªxt|
Rvbvi Rb¨ AwZwi³ msKjb
Gwkqvi
Ava¨vwZ¥KZvq m„wóKZ©vi mv‡_ wgj‡bi Rb¨ `iKvi Ò†hvM-mvabvÓ|
GB
†hvM-mvabvi AvUwU (8) avc Av‡Q:
1| hgv/Yoga: hgvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q Avevi K‡qKwU Dcvq †hgb K) Awnsmv,
L) mZ¨, memg‡q mZ¨‡K Avkªq K‡i c_Pjv| M) A‡¯—q, mØ Dcv‡q Rxeb hvcb Kiv, A‡b¨i
†Kvb wKQy Kvgbv bv Kiv| GKgvÎ Kvgbv ïay Ck¦i‡K| N) eªþvPvix: †`n, gb AvZ¥v‡K
Z_v Cw›`ªq‡K `gb Kiv| O) AcwiMÖn: `vb MÖnY bv Kiv| `ª‡e¨i cÖwZ †gvn bv Kiv|
2| wbqg/Niyama: e¨w³MZ Kvh©µg K) ïwP: evB‡i-wfZ‡i A_©vr
†`n-gb-AvZ¥vq cweÎ _vKv L) m‡š—vl/mš‘wó: me wKQy‡ZB mš‘wó cÖKvk Kiv I Avb‡›`
_vKv| M) Zcm¨v: Zvcm, Z¨vM Zvc‡mi Av¶wiK A_© ÔZvcÕ| Aš—‡ii wfZ‡ii Av¸b, hv w`‡q
cy‡o cy‡o gvbe gb‡K LuvwU K‡i| N) Aa¨vqb: Ávb Ani‡Yi Rb¨ A‡bK †ekx Aa¨vqb Ki‡Z
n‡e| O) Ck¦i‡K cÖwbavY: Ck¦i‡K †LuvRv I Zuv‡K Rvbv|
3| Avmb/Asana: †hvM-mvabvi Rb¨ Avmb I g~`ªvi GKvš— cÖ‡qvRb| †hgb,
wPb¥gy`ªv I wPb¥gqgy`ªv|
4| cÖvYvqvg (Breathing): k¦vm-cÖk¦vm MÖnY I †Q‡o †`Iqv| cÖvbqg nj Rxe‡bi
weÁvb| k¦vm-cÖk¦vm GK ai‡Yi cÖv_©bv|
5| cÖwZnvi (Detachment): Avmw³ †_‡K wb‡R‡K wdwi‡q Avbv, gvqv-†gvn †_‡K
wb‡R‡K gy³ Kiv|
6| aviYv (Conception/Realization): Avgv‡`i †`n-gb-AvZ¥v, wfZ‡ii I evB‡ii RM‡Zi GKwU
mwbœweó KivB aviYv| mg¯— Cw›`ªq‡K GKÎxf~Z Kiv| g‡bi g‡a¨ †Kvb wPš—v bv K‡i k~Y¨
Kiv|
7| a¨vb (Meditation): a¨vb †Kvb GKK wKQy bq, mg¯— wKQ~i †K›`ªxqKiY|
a¨vb wbR mË¡vi wfZ‡i wb‡q hvq| wbR mË¡v‡K Avwe®‹vi Ki‡Z cvi‡j mevB‡K Avcb fvev
hvq I Ck¦i‡K Dcjwä Kiv hvq|
8| mgvax: Cotemplation and Union. a¨v‡bi †kl ch©vq| Avgiv mg¯— mË¡v GK| Ck¦‡ii
mv‡_ †hvM ev wgjb|
fMev‡bi Avi GKwU bvg nj -
SAT-CHIT-ANANDA
Sat - Chit - Anada
 |
|
|
Father
Son Holy
Spirit
 |
|||||
 |
|
||||
†PZbv / Truth
wn›`y ag©
GB
a‡g©i wbw`©ó †Kvb cÖeZ©K †bB| wm›`y mf¨Zv †_‡K wn›`y a‡g©i DrcwË| G‡K mbvZb ag©
ejv nq| Zv‡`i g‡Z Kv‡j-Kv‡j gwb-F„wliv hv e‡j †M‡Qb ZvB wn›`y a‡g©i cÖPviYv|
cÖ_g kv¯¿ MÖš’ Ô†e`Õ (Ávb)| Zv‡`i g‡Z GB eB ¸‡jv gvby‡li †jLv bq| †`eZv‡`i KvQ
†_‡K cvIqv| F„wliv Zv‡`i gy‡L gy‡L hv ej‡Zb Zv ï‡b ï‡b †jLv Ô†e`Õ| ZvB †e`‡K
ejv nq ÕkÖ“wZÕ| 1g †e` †j‡Lb K…ò ˆØcvqb| fMevb GK I wbivKvi wKš‘ eûiƒ‡c Zuvi
cÖKvk| †e`vš— I MxZvq e‡jb fMevb G‡Kk¦iev`| K…ò ˆØcvqb mg¯— †e`‡K welqvbymv‡i
PviwU fv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb: FM‡e`, mvg‡e`, hRy‡e` I A_©ev †e`|
†cŠivwbK
hyM: 600-800 Lªx: c~e© g~j MÖš’ ¸‡jvi iPbv Kvj| ivgvqb I gnvfvi‡Zi hyM‡K
mvaviYZ †cŠivwbK hyM ejv nq| G‡K ¯§„wZI ejv nq|
Rxe‡bi
j¶¨: 1) ag© 2) A_© 3) Kvg 4) †gv¶| GKRb fw³cÖvY wn›`yi Pig j¶¨ n‡jv-gyw³jvf
Kiv| A_ev Ck¦i‡K jvf Kiv|
wek¦vm:
wn›`yiv eû †`e-†`ex‡Z wek¦vm K‡i| Zv‡`i wek¦vm g‡Z
eªþv-
m„wóKZ©v, weòy - cvjb KZ©v I wkev - aŸsm KZ©v (cvc)|
Z‡e
hy‡Mi AveZ©‡b Zviv GK Ck¦‡i wek¦vm K‡i| A_©vr †Kvb GKRb †`eZv‡K cÖavb wnmv‡e
†`Lv Ab¨‡`i ev` bv w`‡q| cig m„wóKZ©vi mv‡_ wgj‡bi gva¨‡g gyw³ n‡”Q Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg
cÖavb wek¦vm| gyw³i wZbwU c_ i‡q‡Q: ÁvbgvM©, Kg©gvM© I fw³gvM©| Kg©dj Abymv‡i
Zviv cyb©R‡b¥ wek¦vm K‡i|
ˆbwZK
KZ©e¨: Ck¦i‡K jvf Kivi Rb¨ hv Kiv `iKvi ZvB Zv‡`i ˆbwZK KZ©e¨| ˆbwZK AvPiY
wbf©i K‡i mgvR a‡g©i Dci we‡kl fv‡e Zv‡`i Avnvi, ïwPZv I weev‡ni ixwZbxwZi Dci
Zv‡`i ‰bwZKZv wbf©i K‡i| lowicy `gb Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg cÖavb `vwqZ¡| GQvov 8wU
my-cÖe„wË Abykxjb (Aóag©) K‡i †hgb: ¯^Ë¡, †kŠP, Awnsmv, Abm~qv, ¶gv, Ab„ksm,
AKvc©Y¨ Ges mš‘l| gvbe gh©`v I ¯^vaxYZvi DciI ¸i“Z¡ Av‡ivc K‡i|
Lªxóa‡g©i
mv‡_ wgj: wn›`ya‡g© w·ˡi aviYv (weòz, eªþv, I wkev) Gi mv‡_ wgj cvB; hw`I
Avgv‡`i aviYv †_‡K Zv A‡bK Avjv`v| Ck¦‡ii mvwbœa¨ jv‡fi Rb¨ K…”QZv mvab I gigx
mvabv- hv Avgv‡`i mv‡_ A‡bK wgj| Zv‡`i †h wZbwU gvM© Av‡Q (fw³gvM©, ÁvbgvM© I
Kg©gvM©) gyw³i Rb¨ Zv-I A‡bK mgq Lªxóa‡g© AbymiY Kiv nq
